~ Visit the official JAMsj website ~

Betty Duong

Date: March 28, 2023
Interviewer: Yvonne Kwan
Interviewee: Betty Duong (1981 - )

Betty Duong, a San Jose native and child to Vietnamese refugee parents, has long served as a public advocate, not only in her legal practice but also work in local government. She has made tremendous impact on labor and employee rights, housing, COVID rapid response, language access, and culturally relevant health access for the County.

Transcript of Betty Duong

Click on any section of the transcript to jump directly to that segment of the video. This feature lets you quickly access the content you're interested in without the need to manually search through the entire video. You can also click on the tick below each transcript to expand the text and read the full content without playing that segment of the video.

Narrative & Identity Timeframe 0:00 >> 4:15

Betty Kim Duong place of birth, San Jose, California.

(Interviewer) Do you have any siblings?

I do. I have two younger sisters. I was born in 1981. My sister younger sister was born in 1982. So a year and 11 days apart. And then our next sister was born ten years later.

(Interviewer) Oh, so big gap there. Big gap. So what was it like in the Duong household with three daughters?

I would say like joyful chaos. Right. I think as much joy as possible, but also a lot of confusion. I think. You know, my parents came to America in 1979. They were refugees from the Vietnam War. So there is a what I didn't realize at the time was a lot of resettlement and readjusting that was still ongoing for for a long time. And we were part of that journey with them. So from a very early age, I think third grade was my earliest memory of being pulled out of school to go translate for my parents. So I managed a lot of the documents, the paperwork, the rent, anything that came to our house in English, I had to help manage. So it was a it was a lot of it was a joyful chaos, I would say.

Yeah, that's that the best way to sum it up that we were always trying to figure out what was going on, or at least I was. I was trying to my parents were trying to understand what documents were coming to our house, what conversation was having, what where we needed to navigate, what we needed to do to make sure we had, you know, food stamps that month. So we still had, you know, the assistance of housing or other government programs. And I would be often the one that would go to these offices to translate for them, try to figure out and navigate those situations.

I think initially that was it was definitely on my shoulders more. I think the initial years and then, you know, so in my childhood I was the primary translator. Everything went my way first. And my sisters were largely sheltered from that, but not sheltered from, you know, the fallout. So if I mean, we live in a tiny apartment. And so if there was any tension in the house, everybody felt it. So whether my sister's translator or not, they knew that there were tough situations our family is going through. And maybe it was even harder for them because they didn't have all the pieces right. At the at least I was in the front row or the driver's seat, and I knew what was going on. I thought I knew what was going on. A lot of times my sisters were, you know, not even aware, but they just knew something was wrong in the house or something was not right, or that people were stressed or there was tension. But, you know, everybody got a, got a share I translating because like, I think now today, like my my youngest sister is now the one that does all the translating the all the Apple iTunes set up and the the I think so so it has transitioned quite a bit. The needs are different now I think but we translate for it now these days is not as I would say, dire as it as it was when I was doing that when I was younger.

(Interviewer) And so a lot of times, especially in Vietnamese refugee families, it's been discussed in these ways that there's a power dynamic shift. Yeah, right. Between the children and the parents. Did that ever cause any tensions or was. Oh, like…

Absolutely it did. Cause it typically cause a lot of tension, right? I think also too, like I was still trying to make it, I mean, even even on the best of days when translation wasn't necessary, where our family's problems weren't front and center right, I was still trying to navigate childhood, but being the one in charge, being the one, you know, like seemingly in charge, right. In certain situations, I was the one in charge. I was now the adult in the room. I was you know, they were hanging onto my every word. They were trying to they were waiting on me to tell them what the landlord just said or what the police officer just said or what the social worker was just said. So that was a lot of power and parentalization of of, you know, my of myself. But then how do I go from being the adult in the room one second to next now being scolded or being are being punished for for not doing the dishes right or not cleaning the house the right way or not getting a good enough grade. So there was a lot of that naturally. And that's led to a lot of angst and turn a conflict for myself where none of this makes sense in in who's the parent? Who's the child? Who do I look to for safety? Who do I look to to guide me? Who's going to translate for me when I don't have the words to to speak to my teachers or speak to my counselors or who's going to help me? So I think there was I mean, a lot of like mixed emotions and conflicting emotions definitely in the household in my childhood growing up.

Timeframe 4:15 >> 5:06

I think there was like a few teachers here and there who empathized. I think I can remember that who who was kind and who tried to to let me know that they were there for me. I remember like in elementary school, there was there were there were efforts right, to talk to my parents to say, hey, let her go to this art academy or let her join the GATE program or let her join softball. Right. But to my parents, none of that made sense. It was you know, I think also, too, because I was on translating something to them, Oh, my kid just wants to go draw all day or my kid just wants to go play a sport or play games all day. So maybe I didn't do a great job translating. But, you know, there were people who, I think looking back now, saw that that I was growing up a lot faster than maybe I should have. And they wanted me to be involved in different types of curriculars and sports, but that my parents always said no to that. Yeah.

Systems & Power Timeframe 5:06 >> 7:59

(Interviewer) Would that come in shape to how you approach the work that you do now, especially on translation service?

Oh, absolutely. I think language access is like the bare minimum, the basics, right? But a lot of local government and a lot of institutions still approach it as like a best practice. But it should be. I mean, yeah, there should be best practices, but it should be second nature. It should be so core to our customer service model and not an afterthought, not a cherry on top, not an innovation, but a critical component of how we operate. So absolutely, we I want I don't want to have, you know, another scene or I don't want to see another child come to our county building, to translate for their parents. Right. So 30 years ago, I was in this building translating for my parents, helping my parents get my sister's birth certificate, because that's what you do. You have a baby, then you come to the county building, get the birth certificate, you get the vital documents. So I was here with them 30 plus years ago. And then ten years ago, when I started working here, I think early on, I started working in 2013. I remember in that first year someone actually called up to our floor and asked our office like, you know, I heard that you have a Vietnamese speaker in your office. Can they come down and help? And so I came down to help. And so, I mean, the flashback, right? It was like decades ago I was here translating for my parents. Today, I'm still translating for other people's parents. So so that's that's unacceptable, especially in a county as diverse as ours. And we have a very diverse workforce. Right. That that shouldn't be that shouldn't be the situation at any given day.

So my my supervisor, Cindy Chavez, who I worked for then and I do work for, and at that time, that's when we, with the help of an intern from San Jose State, we did some we did some and a summer long project of research into like where language access policies have been very successful, where they've made the most headway really at that time, D.C. was the one that has really done the most in terms of creating a language access policy, but also a network services, you know, creating a hotline that people can call for translation at any government office. So we followed that model and started the language access policy here. And then years, years later, because it's an evolving process, we build the policy, we keep on adding to it. We learn through our mistakes, we learn through trial and error. We learn through like serving our community on how to enhance the language access policy. Now we have a language access unit that translates our own information, that county's information within the day, within the afternoon, within the evening. Right. We don't send it off to a translation service, then get it back within 48 hours and then try to massage the language to reflect like the county's programing, because a lot of things can be lost in translation. So we have our own unit that understands the county's language, the county's programs, services, making the translations in a culturally competent manner, using words and vernacular that are are intended priority audience will be able to understand.

Narrative & Identity Timeframe 7:59 >> 9:12

So my mom's name Ngoc is now my dad's name is Thom. And they came in 79 and they, they, when they first arrived, they were in San Francisco and then were relocated. They relocated, resettled in San Jose because that's where my or other family members were. And that's where people said that. There's a lot of Vietnamese here. Come on down. Like, you know, you'll you'll have people to support you. And then they had me shortly thereafter that and then my sister. So we lived in downtown San Jose in these multiple apartment buildings. We moved around quite a bit, but they were all very close. It’s around San Jose state area and and it's very different now because I drive by that block all the time. It's you don't see Vietnamese refugee families anymore. You see a lot of college students, right, living in those apartment buildings. But when I was growing up, it was all Vietnamese families. It was just like from like 5th Street through, like 10th Street. It was just like every single apartment building was filled with Vietnamese families and Latino families, and we were just stacked on top of each other. So that's where I grew up. And then then a few years, a few years into it, I think around middle school, we moved to Eastside, and I lived in Eastside well into my adulthood until I got married. And like a good Asian daughter, like a good Vietnamese daughter. I moved out officially when I was married to my husband.

Systems & Power Timeframe 9:12 >> 11:26

(Interviewer) So why did your parents decide to resettle in San Francisco?

I think that was this where they they they were flown in from their refugee camp in Malaysia. And so that was where the landing place was. And they lived there for a little bit. I think like literally just a few months before they resettled in San Jose with family. And what did your parents do in terms of occupation when they were here and that also did that differ from pre pre war or during war? Oh, completely different. So I think they tried everything. I think my dad tried to be a baker, so I remember the kitchen table being used as the experiment table and, you know, kneading the dough, making the bread. And he wanted to open a bakery. Then he wanted to open a restaurant, then he wanted to have a food truck, then he wanted to open a 7-Eleven. He also wanted to open a gas station. So his entrepreneurial spirit was very strong. But this, you know, everything, whether it be by language or lack of business acumen, I don't know. I wasn't you know; we were trying to figure it out. Nothing ever materialized. But he went to work as an assembly. Like many Vietnamese parents, he went to work at the tech companies in Silicon Valley, at the tech companies on the assembly line, assembling boards some being the technician soldering things. He tried to explain his job to me, and I know enough about it to help him with his annual performance reviews and work evaluations, but not quite entirely and. My mom also did the same thing, so both of my parents went to work on the assembly lines and tech in Silicon Valley. My mom is still working. She she cooked the wafers, and I do this motion because it's what she does at home. But I've never seen her job, so I don't. But I know that she cooks wafers, she dips them into Silicon baths, she puts them in these giant ovens. So her official title was Machinist, but she served in the assembly as an assembly worker. And through those jobs, they they they supported and raised three daughters. I think there was also a stint at a nail salons, trying to do hair. So my parents did try to go. They tried everything, whatever it really was like. When they speak of this time, they talk about in terms of survival and just looking for any type of job that they could be good at, that could secure a steady income. So they tried everything, I would say. Yeah.

Narrative & Identity Timeframe 11:26 >> 14:37

(Interviewer) As can you talk a little bit about, like even though you are second generation here, what is your relationship to the war and to that kind of colonial military process?

I mean, I think it's a challenge relationship. You know, I want to honor my parents in any way they can, honor their experience, their memory, their survival. So honoring that, I think without having experienced it, it becomes, you know, comes in pieces and having never lived through the war, having never experienced it myself, that the sadness is real, is palpable. I feel it when I see images of of the war. I see images of refugees. It's like it's it's something that even as a child, I would just the immediate reaction was just a cry without even fully understanding what the story was, what the story was, who is being harmed, who is being hurt. It just hurt to see images and hear, see the images, and then also have my parents’ narrative having their stories, their bits and pieces of it because they don't talk about it. I still I think to this day, no matter how sincere and adamant I am in trying to understand where they come from, trying to create safe spaces for them to share those stories, it's still very hard for them to talk about. So even that silence is painful. But how does it affect me? And some, I think feelings of angst and anger still still exist. You know, I don't think I'll ever grow out of it. I don't think I'll ever be able to look at, like, images of war and not be affected by it. Of the Vietnam War of refugees, families in transit, you know, the migration migrating away. It's just never going to be comfortable. Even though I didn't live it, I didn't live that time. I didn't watch it on the news. I didn't survive the way my parents did. But seeing my parents are survivors of that. It's it's a very real it's a very, very real, very palpable, hard emotion that I think I still have a hard time understanding. But I certainly honor and appreciate them and um. It's amazing.

Like, one of the things that I realized is I will never be as bad ass this is my mom. There's some four-foot 11 woman who who's incredibly delicate and delicate like a bomb, right? She's delicate. She's a she's soft spoken and she she doesn't, you know, So she needs to be, you know, like she needs to be firm. But just to know that she's, like, ran from danger. She's she's survived through through war. She, like these experiences, this migration, that unknowing, if I'm going to be alive tonight or tomorrow, I'll never have to live through that. And so it really humbles me to see her and my dad, when they garden, when they're there, when they're picking apart their chili peppers, and when they're making fun of my Vietnamese, it's just like, you know, like I will never stare down death the way you did. And and I see that in all my elders in our community. So that's, you know, that's that's something that lingers with me every day.

Narrative & Identity Timeframe 14:37 >> 16:44

(Interviewer) Yeah. And I've had a lot of conversations with especially adolescents and college. You know, they have conflicts with their parents and there's always generational conflicts, no matter what background you're from and all of that. But there's just kind of this need to be the grateful child, but also sometimes parents and family members not saying yours. Yeah, but it can be very toxic as well. Do you have any tips on for young people, too, and how to navigate that?

Oh, okay. So I think my tips might result in their parents coming after me. But, you know, it's it was really I made a joke early, like a good Vietnamese daughter. I moved away when I got married. Right. Officially, I had moved to I have, you know, ventured out on my own. I think that was really important. I know that's very counter to our home traditions, right? We stay home till we're married, and even then we still we may still be living in the household, but, you know, it was really healthy for me and my sisters to go away for college, to live elsewhere for a few years, to have that time with ourselves, to, to create our own, to fully form our own identities. Right. I don't think I think the conflict is part of like you said, the conflict is with every culture, with every generation. I think it's really hard for us to view conflict as a good thing. Right? But I think spending years translating for my parents, spending years being the adult in the room, the conflict for me was just another conversation.

Maybe it became so second nature that it didn't feel like we were fighting. It didn't feel like we were having trouble with each other. It seemed like that was just the baseline. So the conflict was consistent, but I feel like I really lucked out that that it really was. And I know this is not like this for everybody, but because I spent so many years translating, because I spent so many years managing the family’s affairs like my parents didn't always treat me as a child and they didn't always view me as a child. So they understood when I had things I needed to do, they understood when maybe they didn't understand. They just had to like, accept it. Like, I'm going to go handle this. Like, I'll see you guys later. Yeah.

Joy & Cultural Resistence Timeframe 16:44 >> 21:21

(Interviewer) Can you describe a little bit about your community growing up here? So you said downtown. Yep. And then the East Side. So compare and contrast.

Downtown Downtown Eastside. And don't forget Little Saigon. That's where I spent all my days. But I rest my head in downtown or Eastside. So downtime, but obviously different parts of my life, right? So downtown was a tiny little apartment that had lots of cockroaches. There were neighbors who were constantly fighting. So I remember my sister and I used to being used to be afraid, right? My mom worked nights. My dad worked late. So there was like a lot of time when we were alone at home and we would hear, you know, the upstairs neighbor fighting in the middle of the night. And we thought the roof was going to come down on us because they were fighting. So, I mean, now I know as an adult, if I hear that I'm calling 911. But that time we just we just kind of huddled under the blankets and hope that everyone's okay. There was always a 911, 911 calls to the apartment building and they didn't have translators when I was growing up. So I was known as the kid that had the most English in the apartment building. So whenever police or paramedics came to any of the apartments, the landlord or the manager would come get me to help translate and then he would give me five bucks, but he would give it to my mom to hang on to for me. So I guess that was my first job. Like, you know, $5 for a translation, like 2 hours. That's a great deal. It's a really great deal; it's a steal.

So. So when we moved to Eastside, I really felt like we came up, you know, like I was like, Oh my God, we're living in a house that has stairs. I didn't realize it was like Eastside, you know, the way people refer to it. But I just knew that there were no cockroaches there. There we share it was a it was duplex. So we shared one wall with another neighbor, but they weren't fighting. They seemed happy. They were beating on each other. There weren't there weren't as many. I mean, I hear sirens in the middle of the night. Right. But we were not police coming to my house or to my neighbor's house. So I really felt like it was very idyllic for me, like growing up in Eastside. It felt very right. It felt it felt like we we we made it, right. So moving on up to the Eastside, then in middle school, that kind of got shattered a little bit. You know, like, I think that's when I just kind of grew up a little bit more and started noticing more things around around the neighborhood.

So in many ways it was still downtown. I was very lucky. I felt very privileged, very, very blessed that we had like a safe home to come home to, a warm home safe by, you know, relatively safe where, you know, helping to translate for police was not a daily occurrence anymore. Right. So that that, to me felt safe. But it's a it's a neighborhood that is heavily, densely populated. A lot of families live multigenerational households, some by necessity, some by choice. I mean, to me, it was always like that was just the norm. A lot of homes, a lot of our neighbors rent their rooms out to other tenants so that they they they supplement the income through that way. So a lot more cars in the neighborhood than people or houses. So crowded parking in the evenings. Good luck finding a spot on the Eastside. There are certain pockets where there just aren't even sidewalks, right? So there's like streets and a lot of Latino families, a lot of Vietnamese families, just like downtown in a lot of ways is like very similar to each other, but a different setting. A lot of them. Here's, a lot of home engineering. You know, we call it Vietnamese engineering at our house, right? Like you could see parents, folks rigging their own like, like, like, I don't know, like their own patio system, their own, like, plant nurseries in the yard, some holding things together. So so I don't know how else to describe it. You just kind of got to see it. We got our own a very unique engineering people making their own fish sauce in the front yard for the backyard and underneath the kitchen sink. So it's a it's a very to me, it's very colorful, It's very lively life is happening all the time. A lot of sense, a lot of sights, a lot of colors, a lot different types of foods, a lot of noise, like whether it be cars honking at each other or people yelling at each other, people singing to, you know, music, loud music from the cars, from other houses. I know my mom was with, you know, now that we lived in our own house in an apartment complex, she could blast her Paris by Night like an 8 am. on a Saturday morning, because who needs to sleep in? Yeah. So I would say, I mean, that's my best guess, my best description of it. Summary. It's just a lot of a lot of life.

Timeframe 21:21 >> 25:29

(Interviewer) Earlier, you said that you spent a lot of time in Little Saigon. Mm. Well, yeah. You want to describe that?

Yeah, a little Saigon. Just so it's moved, Right? So it's a it wasn't always on Story Road. I think there was always a presence of Vietnamese businesses. But what it is today is quite incredible and and that came later. But there were a lot of business in Downtown initially, so I remember being little and go following my dad around to all the Vietnamese businesses. I don't know what he was doing. Like, I think I was too young, but I just knew like there was everywhere we went, there were Vietnamese businesses, sandwiches, jewelry, paperwork, taxes, things like that. Right? And vague memories. But to me, Downtown was always an exciting place when I was growing up because that's where we got to see a lot of people. Knowing what I know now. Downtown was pretty rundown for a few decades there, and so it would make sense to me that Vietnamese entrepreneurs or Vietnamese business owners were looking for places with the cheapest rent to move into and set up shop. I think through some to do multiple processes like, you know, beautification through through rehabilitation, revitalization of downtown. These are ongoing efforts that take on different form every few decades, every few years. Those businesses aren't quite there anymore. There's there's still some there's still some of classics, right? Like there's there there's the Diet Thanh supermarket that's still there, like Dac Fuc is still there. The noodle house on Santa Clara Vung Tau is not there anymore. So that that kind of broke my heart a little bit because it was the best. And then there's Dalat, right? Still, still, still there on I think the 10th. No, not ninth. The eighth Street. Yeah. So because that I was on the other end of my apartment was on the other end of Dalat. Tung Kee, the first Tung Kee is still there on 7th Street. So it's the, the remnants of, of our old community is still our original committee I think is definitely still there but I see for sale signs and their windows every so often or redevelopment signs, and we can look there goes another piece of our our history but but yeah so my parents you know where would they feel comfortable they felt comfortable with their community. They felt comfortable going to shops and spaces where they didn't have to speak English, where they understood each other, where they were able to be there themselves. Right? My mom could be sassy, my dad could be the protector. They could haggle and negotiate prices; they could gossip. It's where they felt like themselves. And I could see why we spent all of our time when they weren't working, when when we were were not, you know, waiting for mom and dad to come home. We when we got to spend time together as a family, would be in Little Saigon and Eastridge Mall. We love Eastridge Mall.

No, no, no vacations. It was a let's see, was it I mean, we got to go to Great America. That would be a big deal. I think my family took me there. Like once growing up, the coolest vacation was driving out to either Santa Cruz or to San Francisco for the day. And that that was very rare. It was probably like when I thought we would got I hope that we could do it one day a year. So my sisters, I always tried to make it seem like, oh, we got to do either San Francisco or Santa Cruz this year. And my parents, like, what were you talking about like, we'll go when we have time, but we we rarely ever had time. So no, no vacations. Um, but in contrast to that, like, we all got to go to Vietnam at some point in our lives. So I got to go to Vietnam once as a child. My sister got to go once as a child said that was like the biggest vacation, right? We actually got on the plane, went to a whole new country and was out of school for a month. I know, a whole month. How do you get away with that?

(Interviewer) Who are your friends in the neighborhood?

Oh, it was the kids. And, you know, the neighbors, the neighbors kids. The kids who just lived in the apartments around us. Kids from school. We. We went to. We went to Lowell Elementary School when we were in when we were living in downtown. So it it was a what, a straight walk, three blocks we got there. So a lot of neighborhood kids, a lot of Latino, Vietnamese kids. So those were our friends.

Systems & Power Timeframe 25:29 >> 28:44

When I moved to the East Side, I changed…I went to middle school. So at that time, I think in middle school I went to three different middle schools. We we moved, we bounced a lot. So I, we went to a magnet. Well, there was a busing program, and my mom thought it was the best idea to send a put us on a bus and send us to the farthest middle school possible. Right. And the farthest in the school possible was Castillero School in Almaden Valley, which now I know Almaden Valley, that's a great place to send kids to school. So we were bused out to Almaden Valley to go to Castillero Middle School, and that was like a total culture shock. Like we this was definitely not Downtown San Jose like we were I was going to school with kids who are definitely not on welfare, not on housing, not translating for their parents, and definitely just very different.

And I didn't and I think I didn't know what to make of that except like, what was wrong with our family? Why couldn't we get it together? Right? Like, they seemed happy that they were telling me about, Oh, they had breakfast as a family and like breakfast as a family? Like we never we only do that once a week on Sundays. when my mom wasn't working! So that was a yeah, so that was a huge culture shock. But then then right around that time, my sister, my youngest sister was a was now like a baby. She was born. She is she was born [when I was] in the fifth grade. She's a baby. And so my mom had switched schools for me because she needed me to come home from school earlier so that she can make it to the the night shift at her job. So she needed there was like a hole. So we had to sit down, had to figure out the schedule and then, like, I somehow found the schedules for all the schools that I was allowed to go to, like the school that was in the district and found out that they had different bell schedules and Steinbeck Middle School, just happened to let their students out a little bit earlier, early enough for me to make it home so that I could watch my baby sister and then my mom can go off to do her job.

So that's how I switched to my second middle school. And then I guess like there was at that time, I started having my angsty teen years right in, and it caused, Then I guess certain things happened that caused my parents great, great panic and they were just really scared. They were like, oh my gosh, she's hang out with the wrong kids. You know, she's she's changing. So then my parents, my mom then borrowed. So that's what people used to do, right? I don't know if people still do that in where we're way beyond any statue of limitations or any type of like offenses or violations. That's when my my mom borrowed my aunt's address in the Blossom Hill area. I'm sorry, not Blossom hill… Blossom Hill was in high school, so middle school. My mom borrowed my my aunt's address in the Berryessa area so that my sister and I can go to that school district. So we went to Sierramont Middle and that's in that's when we would drive down White Road from Eastside down to get us to school. And then again, just more, more, more change, more shift, because my parents were just panicking. They didn't know what to do. And I'm now I'm now I appreciate that my parents cared enough to go to all that trouble. But really, that was a panic, I would say that. And so we went there. And then again, new school, new kids, new everything, a very different environment from what I came home. Well, I came home to, so that was really interesting. Yeah

Narrative & Identity Timeframe 28:44 >> 34:50

(Interviewer) Three schools in like three years?

Yeah, three middle school is three, three years.

(Interviewer) How did you react? How did you feel?

I rebelled. You know, I think that, you know, I feel like not nothing in particular like nothing like, really unique about rebelling. I think a lot of people go through that type of that type of individuation, right, when that process that it was at that point, by the time I got to high school, I didn't want to translate any more. I didn't want to be the adult in the room anymore. I didn't I didn't understand the the back and forth. One moment I'm in charge, the next moment I'm being yelled at the you know, now you're looking at me for help. But then when you know that. But then who do I look to for help? Like there's just so many of these contrasting feelings, conflicting, like events, like experiences. So at that at some point it basically in tenth grade I just shut down like I think I shut down like from that I was like, I'm not going to do that anymore. I'm not going to translate. I'm not going to manage paperwork, not my job, I'm not even going to go to school. I'm just going to I'm just I'm just going to sit here. I'm just going to like, just breathe and just enjoy the day. Right? So I, I dropped out of school in the 10th grade, and I ran away from home for a bit, you know, and I just you know, it wasn't so much running away from home, even though that's what I physically did. It really was just running away from my life. And I just needed to experience I don't know what I was looking for. I just did not want to worry about about this. I didn't want to think about that anymore. But then I had new problems. Right. And like, you know, living on my own at 15, like not having a job, not having any source of income, we were, though, now we're away.

Ironically, I ran away from a set of problems that now I, I was facing on a whole other type of level. Yeah. And then I did that for a little while. And then I think about after a year, I came back home and then went back to school and just kind of like finished out my time like in high school. And then after that I went to, you know, I tried different things like upon graduation, I don't know, like there's like young people in the room right now. There's a thing called computer networking. I don't know, I didn't pass it, but I took community college courses for it for all types of like professions and jobs that people said were the hot thing right? Like I learned how to do computer networking, learn how to do computer programing, i should have learned that, go to go to beauty school, get your cosmetology license. I failed that. So like try different like trade schools and programs. None of it worked out.

Then I went to De Anza and really enjoy enjoyed really that that was like the other big turning point. I went to community college, took my first Asian American studies course in and it was like throughout the whole course where there was like new vocabulary being introduced, new concepts being introduced, like what I had experienced, what I was going through, what I had gone, what I had grown up with, what my family had experienced. Right. Like this is not isolated to us. Like, there's a whole history in our studies, you know, that that the chronicled, this, that honored this, that documented this and told the stories and tried to extract the learning lessons out of it, like how do we create policy that helps people get to where they're at? How do we create programs with results where people could people who needed help could get in and then exit the program and not have to come back to it? So I think taking Asian in an Asian American studies course, then more Asian American studies courses than more Ethnic Studies courses finally gave me some sense of order to this, a chaos that I really thought was our lives. Right? And then that was that was really a homecoming for me, I think. You know, I had left home. I went home back home. But it really my heart wasn't at home. But this this really was at homecoming to, like, really understand our experiences and know that it wasn't our fault. And sometimes things happen that by necessity, but being able to make sense of it and understand it and being able to do something about it. So I think that's where, you know, I really felt that sense of empowerment that, you know, my experiences can help contribute to this conversation. I'm that type of person has always looked for solutions, ways to fix things. I always felt like I was the fixer of the family. So why don't we just fix the whole thing? Let's go on, go on for this. And then after that, I went to to college and to law school.

I wanted to go to Berkeley because that was, well, number one, Asian American studies really helped influence that. That seemed to be like S.F. State and in UC Berkeley was like the birthplace of the Asian American movement, right in. And so for me, that was like where I wanted to be. And then I met like a great group of friends in community college who are like, my best friends are family now. And we all just decided when, you know, we're all going to go to transfer to Berkeley together, let's just do it. And then we did. And then Professor Khatharya Um, whom was someone that I really, really admired from afar. I've never met her in real life. I've read her her writings. I read her textbooks, you know, like I read her articles in our Asian American studies courses. I watched her on documentaries and film. So I knew that was something that I really wanted to go to Berkeley for in that, you know, Asian American studies with was just so just that the program was so powerful, like, impactful There. So so it's a it was just where I wanted to go. Ron Takaki, Strangers from a Different Shore. That was like the first Asian American studies textbook I read in community college, and I know he was teaching at Berkeley. So it just it just made sense. Like this is the Asian American studies is kind of really what what really helped my heart, helped my healing process, helped my homecoming. So I wanted that was a big deal, a reason for me to go want to go to Berkeley. Because that was where Asian American studies kind of like this is really it's really there. And then my parents are just like, what? Like you want to go here? I've never been a good student. It was never a good student in school. And so this was just like, they're like, okay, you know, just whatever, wherever you go, whatever you want. Yeah. So they were a little shocked, I think. Ever was a little shocked when I got in. Yeah.

Joy & Cultural Resistence Timeframe 34:50 >> 38:30

(Interviewer) So then did you take any time off between graduating and then going to law school?

Um, there was a waiting period. Yeah. So I took, I took a little time off and that was when I got my, my, I went back to my community college because, you know, you go back home when you're trying to find out your next step. So after graduating from Berkeley, I went back to De Anza Community College for an event or yeah, it was with the Asian Pacific American Leadership Institute (APALI). And that was then that was really involved with when I was at De Anza. And I asked the professor, my mentor and my professor, like, Hey, you know, like I've graduated kind of do what I supposed to you what should I do now? Right. You know, and that was when I was still applying for law school. So the he literally pointed like a woman who was walking through the parking lot. He said, oh, just talk to her. She's with him. She's with the Office of Assemblymember Joe Cota. Let's see if she she may have some ideas for you. So he it's he literally connected me to this woman who was walking across the parking lot at the time. He's a Darcy, come over here. That was Darcy Green. And then I connected with her. We had lunch, like a couple of days later, and then I was interning at the Office of Assemblymember Coto, but I didn't know what intern met at that point. I have never intern in my life. I know that now. It's like a really normal thing. At that time, interning, it just sounded really fancy and, you know, it took me a whole week before I realized I was not getting paid; that this is an unpaid internship. So I was like, Hold up, sorry, y'all. This is not going to work out. I got I got people to take care of. I got I got a family household to contribute to. So I'm sorry. Like, I can't do this for free. And then they gave me a job, then they paid me. So that worked out fine. But up until then I had worked at uh…now we gloss over a lot. I worked at my I worked at MAC. It was a makeup artist for like six years before. And then I was I was a makeup artist until like throughout my whole young adult life. And then when I went to law school was when I stopped doing. But I did I mean, after law school, I did go back to that job for a little because it's really hard to find a job.

Yeah, but yes, I went to work for Assemblymember Joe Coto, and then he was the assembly member that represented the district that I lived in. So that time was, District 27. And how do I explain this? It was a very nurturing and supportive environment, but no one really gave me projects to do the kind of had me answer phones, make copies or help out at events. And so I, I had I did that really quickly. I had a way more time on my hands. And so I just started organizing things. And then luckily for me, Joe Coto was very supportive of that. So I was like, let's do let's do like a Vietnamese story time, so let's buy 100 Vietnamese language books and have a story hour at the library, then pass out the books. Let's let's do a luncheon with all the Vietnamese non-profits and Asian American nonprofits get together so then they can meet you and then make one book. We'll call it a legislative lunch so that we could discuss how we could, like, create legislation, what type of legislation could best support emerging organizations, nonprofits serving Vietnamese, Latino, Asian American populations, right. That are maybe our current systems weren't serving. So I just I just kind of rolled in there and did my thing in in supervisor Assembly member Joe Coto was very supportive. Yeah, had a lot of fun and I thought it was the best job ever. I was. Oh, my God. Like, I get to spend your money like, you know, to, like, buy these cool things, put on these really great events, bring people together just to be there to support people and do a lot of constituent services. Because I guess that was like a flashback from my translation days. Like if there's a problem, okay, let me handle it. Let me fix it. Let me help you fix it. So I got to do that, which is ironic because I spent so much time in my childhood trying to running, train and run away from that responsibly, and now I'm going headfirst into it.

Timeframe 38:30 >> 41:08

(Interviewer) Well, now you have the resources.

You're right Now I had the resources You're right. I had the words, I had the resources, I had the allies. It's a it was like, yeah, I feel like I'm power mapping. But yeah, you're right. It's very different now and I really enjoyed it a lot, a lot more, you know, trying to fix things. When you have no money, friends or allies, there's really are no words, not the right words. It's really hard. But but now it was quite joyful. And I I'm still doing it to this day.

(Interviewer) Were there other activities you did other than, you know, hustling and making people beautiful?

So I was at Berkeley and I drove home every either drove or took the BART home every Thursday night. I didn't have class. On Fridays. I could work at the make-up counter, but on the weekends I also had my kit in my, all my, my stuff. I would do quinceneras, weddings, you know, get them done like at 7, 6 a.m. in the morning and then head off to my, my job at the makeup counter. But at Berkeley, so I did that every Thursday, Thursday night through Sunday. And then like literally on Sunday, when I finished my shift at the mall, my dad would pick me up and take me straight to the BART station. And then I would go back to Berkeley from there. But at Berkeley, I was I was a an associated I was a member of the Associated associate students ASUC— Associated Students of University of California. I ran for office so I was a spring transfer to Berkeley, which means I showed up in January. Elections were in March, and I decided to run for office because that was the fastest way to meet everybody and get a and get involved in the school.

So I ran for student senate, made it as a runner up, and then eventually someone dropped out of Senate. And I got to take their place. I got to be student Senator, which is fun. The UC Berkeley is ASUC Student Senate. I was part of a team that created the first Southeast Asian commencement. So we did that. And I know that it's like in what is it? A few years ago, I went to the 20th anniversary. I said, Oh my God, are we that old now? It really felt like it happened yesterday or just a couple of years ago. But, um, and I went to the 10th anniversary of this of the SEA grad and I thought, how do we get to ten? So yeah, we were part of that. And then I was part of the Southeast Asian Student Coalition. So at De Anza I was part, was really, you know, part of the Asian American studies APA cohort. And then when I got to Berkeley, there was a very different but there was a there was more there was a community that that further focused into the Southeast Asian experience. And I really found home there with the students. And so yeah, that's how we did. Mhm And a great time at Berkeley really. I really had a lot of fun.

Transformation & Change Timeframe 41:08 >> 44:49

I do record clearances 3 to 4 times a year. That's why I use my my bar card for now. To, uh, to just help people move on with their lives. In. In most of these folks are people who have, like, a petty theft charge, a misdemeanor, a DUI from 10, 15, 20 years ago. I'm not saying these are not bad crimes, but they're not bad people, and they've they've moved past it. And they but they they let it linger. They let it affect them. They let it affect how they see themselves. They they live with shame every day. And when I clear their record, they cry the happy tears and then they ride off into the sunset and they never see me again, which is just fine because if you have to see me again, maybe something happened.

(Interviewer) What compelled you to pursue law school?

Power. I wanted to be a lawyer because to me, it signified power. And when you grow up not having any power, not having any voice, clearly seeing that your parents don't have any power, which just kind of does something to a kid's mind, Right? Like your parents are supposed to be your protectors, the ones in charge. They always know what to do. And very early on in my childhood, I realized I could not define my parents in that way. They were struggling with their own, their own battles that I had to be a part of because I spoke some English, more English than they did. So for me, I always thought that if I had the right words, I could unlock the solution. If I said the right things, I can convince the other person that we were in the right. We know it's not that simple. But I used to watch Law and Order to mimic the words of the lawyers, try to, like, hold myself like that. And then to me, just represent the power, you know, from seeing lawyers on TV to seeing lawyers in the courtroom. But the real journey was, you know, looking around my environment, who had the power. You know, to me, landlords had the power, right? Managers had the power. The boss at work had the power. The gangsters and the the the neighborhood had the power. Then when the cops come, they have the power. When we go line up outside of court to go sit in and a hearing. If you've ever been to the Hall of Justice every morning, that's a long way out the door. People are there to appear for their cases, whether it be DUIs, petty theft, assault, battery. You know, it's it's a criminal court.

So when you're standing in that line waiting to go in, you see wives, you see moms, you see dads, you see grandmas, you see aunts and uncles. You see kids; they’re with their parents. You know, they're like people didn't have child care or, you know, for whatever reason, the whole family's there. Like, you see all types of generations and folks getting like you'll see the sheriff's deputies trying to maintain order, right? They’re like stand a straight line, remove all metals, put everything in the tray. Walk, walk, walk, Go, go, go. Right. So it's like direction orders, orders. So, you know, you really clearly feel you have no power there. Then when you sit in the courtroom, and you see the lawyers walk in, everyone gets out of their way. They're the only ones that get to talk. They get to talk to the judge. Clearly, the judge is power. So for me, there are so many different experiences. To me, lawyers had power. They had power through their words. They had power through their position. I didn't quite understand where it came from because I didn't know enough about law or that world. But you know what? I would love to be a lawyer. And, you know, for a long time in my childhood that didn't seem like an accessible and attainable dream. And and when I transferred to Berkeley and continued to, you know, when I went to community college, then went to Berkeley and was like increasingly, you know, doing well at school, feeling really empowered, I was like, you know, I can do this. So I applied for law school and got in.

Timeframe 44:49 >> 45:45

(Interviewer) So how did you decide to go to, you know, which law school did you decide on? Did you apply all across the world?

I applied all up and down California because the the word out there at that time was that California law schools are the best. Right? You either want to go to a California law school or to a New York law school or an Ivy League law school. I didn't, you know, maybe maybe I held myself back. I didn't really I don't think that I was like, good enough for the Ivy League. So I didn't bother doing the application process. But I applied to every single law school in the state of California. And I went to that and it just it was I really I don't know what the rhyme or reason was, but there were schools that rejected or either schools that accepted me. And then there was a school that accepted me and gave me a scholarship. So that was an easy decision to make. It was the highest-ranking law school that gave me the most generous package. And in this case was one of the same- UC Davis School of Law. King Hall shout out to King Hall. Yeah.

Narrative & Identity Timeframe 45:45 >> 51:16

(Interviewer) Did you ever have, like, doubts that you weren't able to do it?

Every day. Every day. I think I feel like I live with those doubts. I walk with those doubts. I wake up with those doubts, and I fight those doubts. Right? I know they will come again tomorrow. I know they were there yesterday. I know I'm not going to get rid of them. But I also know that I've gone very far in life and every day is a testament to that. So I don't let these doubts get to me. But it takes effort, right? I'm just like, no, shut up. You know, the little voice. and I watch-I want to be kind to myself, right? I think it's really important how we talk to ourselves. You know, it's really easy to say, "why did you do that, stupid!" You know? But it's even it's harder and it's much more healthy to say, okay, you did your best. What do we learn from this? Let's move on. You're still a good person. You're still capable person. You're still a powerful person. Let's go. You know, give yourself a little pep talk. So I do that. I do that all the time. I think sometimes my coworkers catch me talking to myself. I think, don't worry. Yeah, but the doubts are there. And to. To convince ourselves that something magical could happen. For the doubts to go away, I think is a lie that we shouldn't tell ourselves. I think. I mean, for me, I face it head on. Then you shut it down. You move on. Yeah.

(Interviewer) Have there been external forces because of your identity, your appearance, whatever it is that have limited your opportunities or access to jobs or other things that you wanted to do?

Um, yes and no. I think these things happen. Right. But I've been armed with a good education. I've been armed with a good, strong community that I feel has my back: my professors, my friends from college, my neighbors, the people that I work with in community for the last 20, 30 years of my life. Right. These are folks who have known me, who've we've grown together. So I always go back home, you know, when when I'm during times of great strife, during times of great challenge, I go back to the source. I look to my family, I look to my ancestors, I look to, you know, just the emotional, the spiritual, the community. Right. And then I have to move forward. But, you know, like, I can I mean, God, it was like every week when I went to court, I was mistaken for the court interpreter or mistaken for the translator. Like, people just did not want to for whatever reason, they just cannot fathom that I was their attorney in the room, that that happened within Santa Clara County. That happened very often whenever I appeared in court outside Santa Clara County. I am regularly in meetings to this day still, where I may be the only woman in the room or the only woman of color in the room, or the only person of color in the room.

So that's a regular occurrence. And it's something because it's happened so often, like I'm that's like the default, right? How I, how I, how I posture, how I speak, how I prepare for these meetings. You have to overprepare as a woman of color. You had to be overprepared. You had to have everything ready tabbed. Right. Which really sucks because then it feeds into them a lot of minority myth, right? But people are expecting you to fail. I think in a lot of situations I'm in, they're expecting me not to be strong. They're expecting me not to be prepared. And then they're like so surprised when I am. But then they're like, Oh, of course you're Asian and so that's another that's another problem that it's a it's yeah, it's a, it's an everyday thing. And the microaggressions are constant, even when from people who are so well intentioned, they don't even realize what they're doing. Right. Um, even just even just how I pronounce my last name, I think, to me is an act of defiance. Right? Because it's spelled with a D in Vietnamese. It's pronounced like a Y, and I always pronounce… I always introduce as Betty “Yuung” (phoenetically) [Duong]. And people are like, Wait, but your name is spelled as like? right. But that's how it's pronounced, you know? End of discussion. Let's move on. But then some people, you know, I think, well, especially when I was younger, they'll get into it with me. You know, how many times I hear someone tell me, Oh, I have a friend who's Vietnamese, and they have the same last name as you. They call themselves Du-ong. So are you sure you're pronouncing your name in the right way? This is an actual conversation that I had in my adulthood. I'm pretty sure. Are you really sure? Well, my family's pretty sure. The whole country is very sure. The whole Vietnamese language and all the villages and all the people who live there for thousands of years are pretty sure.

Yeah. So it's um. I don't know what's worse, the overt challenges or the microaggressions are a constant. They happen every day. But I don't you know, it's going back to I said earlier, it's like to me doubt, to me challenges, is I feel it's a constant baseline. It's like the baseline operating status mode for me. So then, um, and it gets exhausting, right? But then you come home and you recharge and you just know that this is what you have to do because I am not the first to be in the positions that I'm in. I'm not the first Asian American in the room. I'm not the first Vietnamese American at the county, right? Others have gone before me, and they had much harder and bigger challenges to work through. So I know that subsequent me, it's just going to get I'm hoping, God, it gets better and better for each subsequent generation of new policymakers, leaders, staffers, managers and innovators at the county.

Timeframe 51:16 >> 53:37

There is no balance. I would say there is no work life balance. There's never been work life balance in my life. And so and and same for my husband. He's been hustling for a long time, and he works very hard. And of course, having our family changed a lot of that. So so we do you know, this is going to be times it's going to be times where our work is really intense. And I'm not going to be home until very late for weeks on periods of time, and then vice versa. They'll be times where he's very busy. So it ebbs and flows through it all. We try to talk to, I tell you, talk to my daughter as much as possible and explain to her. I don't you know; I try to explain to her. I try to include in our conversations, we plan as a family together, you know, like Friday night dinner is basically what is a weekend going to look like so that we have it mapped out and we have it on paper. And she's like part of the conversation. So Mama has to be at this event, then Daddy has to go to that meeting. Then Mama has like there's a there's either going to be a protest, our neighborhood association meeting that we need to be do you want to come with me? And she's six years old now, so she's able to say, Mama, I go to one community event with you per week. That's it. So she sets her own boundaries. She is like, any more than that. You're going to have to like we're going to have to discuss it. And my husband's a huge partner in my life. He he understands the work that I do. He really respects it. It's a marriage that honors each other and it's a true partnership. So. So he's either with me at these events or he's, you know, with my daughter. We talk about it. At the end of the day. We talk about it in the morning. We share what our days was. It's really important for us to do that with our daughter. So she knows that when we're not there, where are we? There's not that blank space where my mom was gone all the time. I don't know where she was. I want her to know where I was and what I was doing and why I was there. And then always offer the offer, always stands, which like to go with me, which I to be part of this conversation with me, which like to go on stage with me. So we try to include it's just really trying to include her as much as possible. And, you know, if anybody's figured out how to do work life balance, I would love to like, learn more about it. But right now we don't have like, I never had that. And um with family. We do our best to include our daughter in everything that we do. Hopefully that won't get far in the future. Yeah, but I think so much of my work is community, right?

Timeframe 53:37 >> 57:38

So so much of my work is is what I would do. Even if I wasn't if it wasn't work. It's my community is my neighborhood, it's my neighbors. And that's an experience I want my daughter to have growing up that we're all interconnected to one another. We don't live in a vacuum. We don't make decisions that will impact our neighbors in a bad way. We don't make decisions that will harm our family. Right. And family, neighbors are oftentimes one and the same. So let's take care of each other.

I now live in North Side. So I continue to live in Santa Clara County Supervisor District two, which is the district that I serve, the district that we look out at the window at today. It includes Eastside, downtown, Little Saigon, Seven Trees neighborhood Capitol Expressway. So I now live in the Northside neighborhood. Right side of Japantown.

(Interviewer) How were you involved with APALI, other than, you know, just oh, it was at De Ana, this that the other thing going on? But you were with APALI for a while.

For a long time. So I was at De Anza and I was like, taking courses, trying to figure out my way. And then I saw a class in the the booklet. Do they still do things in booklets and catalogs anymore? Is it all online now? Both? Okay, good. So there was no online searches. There was like this big book that came out. Everybody grabbed their book and like, look through all the classes. And then I saw classes at Asian contemporary Asian American issues. And like literally, this is how dense I was. I thought, Oh, I'm a contemporary Asian American, I have issues. Let's just let's just take this class for an easy A, let's knock out these credits, right? And then that was you know, that was a class that kind of redefined like helped me come to final form, start that journey for myself in them. So I did well in that class. I had a really good time on it. I had a very hard time in it where it was really like being very intentional, really looking within yourself, sharing these family stories, you know, sharing what I thought was our shame. But now I know it's our experiences in a very different setting that I didn't even know existed prior to that.

So then the professor says, hey, you know, class, you know, this is our spring quarter. It's up next. This summer, there's a summer program called APALI Asian Peace American Leadership Institute. At that time, I still wasn't too sold on it. I was like, why would I want to spend summer here? I want to go to work, you know? But they're like, it's APALI summer institute. It's you get credit for two classes, you know. So I was like, okay, well, that's that to me was a good investment of my time. But then that just took me for well, not but, AND, that took me further down into the sense of community. Asian American studies, Southeast Asian experiences, that whole study, that whole community, this community of artists and poets and singers and writers just to see our culture like process in such a creative way, right? Just really felt so soulful to me, like it gave me in my sense of, I guess, so much depth. And it was just it was just really a beautiful thing. So APALI 2001 and then and then I was a mentor in APALI program for I think at least like three more years. And then my, my younger sisters all went through APALI.

Many years later, my stepson went through APALI; my nephew went through APALI. So there's like more subsequent generations of us being a part of the APALI network. So at the same time that I was working for the Office of Assembly Member Joe Coto because I was a part-time paid internship, that's all they could afford for me. I found another part time job with ICAN say I did both right before heading to law school, and I think that was like the perfect foundation to head off into the study of law.

(Interviewer) Okay, so you're APALI doing mentorship there? Yeah.

Work at the mall.

(Interviewer) Working at the mall, yeah. Then after that, it's Joe Coto, APALI.

Not so It's APALI, working at the mall, transferring to Berkeley. Still working at the mall, coming back after graduation. Still working at the mall. Part time job at a part time job at ICAN, part time job at Joe Coto

(Interviewer) While also applying to law school, LSATs, all of that.

Yeah, all that. All at the same time. Still working at the mall. Okay. Yeah.

Transformation & Change Timeframe 57:38 >> 1:01:39

With ICAN, number one, I didn't know that you can get paid to organize community, so that was like, amazing for me. Number two, it, it helped me understand a lot more about the challenges that our community was experiencing. Um, I had this preconception that the problems or the challenges or the lessons or the issues that we were dealing with as a family, was in the past. But there's still a lot of families today then and now who still faced with language accessibility, faced with housing insecurity, faced with food insecurity, faced with cultural cultural conflicts, faced with having to navigate a system that's not making itself very easy to understand. So ICAN, it was like the next step, right? So it was really amazing. Working at the nonprofit side and working with state legislator, seeing two sides like both sides of that advocacy relationship.

So yeah, I guess I keep on pursuing things that are like conflicting, right? So, so working at the legislative office, like we were regularly receiving advocacy letters and efforts and meetings with community groups trying to push new policy forward and seeking funding or seeking opportunities to grow or to have investments in their organization or their grassroots efforts. Right? At the same time, I was spending time with the grassroots effort, and ICAN and ICAN was really special to me because, well, for many reasons. One of the first reasons, one of the big reasons, like the job that I had there, was to put on the family, the Family Empowerment Forum. And it was a new concept to a lot of our Vietnamese Americans, like why would we spend a day together on a Saturday at a high school going to these different workshops? Right. And we're bringing in organizing the guest speakers and having promoting getting people to sign up and people come, making, you know, making sure that the workshops are crafted in a way that was going to really be beneficial to us. And one of the workshops, I think this is like left a lasting impression on me about, you know, how much culture, competency and language accessibility is so. --how how critical it is to making sure that people get the services they need. There was a workshop on domestic violence, but we couldn't call it domestic violence. All the elders were saying, you can't call it that. It's shameful. They'll overpower people. It won't. It won't make people come right. And I'll say, What else can we call it? We're talking about violence in the family and how to get past that. Then one of the other elders goes, call it thuận vợ thuận chồng. It means happy wife, happy husband, family harmony. So it was, we named and rebranded it as the Family Harmony Workshop, and I sat in that workshop. It started with communication, division of Labor, How do we resolve conflicts or disagreements, where a type of disagreements in your household, what are like positive ways of resolving disagreements? What are bad ways of resolving disagreements? And that's when we got into violence and violence prevention and what's right, what's not right, and and what could be damaging to you, your physical and emotional health. And so so that was that was like my biggest I think, one of the really standout memories I had from working with ICAN, just understanding my community. so much more, and understanding that I know so little. There was more to learn and and um the, the only shame is my preconception that maybe these problems were part of the past, but they're still very much real here. So if anything that just told me that I had maybe I had, no, I had become more privileged in my state than I realized in I need to check that and remember that. And how do we still maintain a connection to our community and to be able to leverage off what I know, what resources now I'm connected to, to make sure that that it's available to our community members, and to our families as well. Yeah. Yeah. And ICAN put me on the Vietnamese radio for the first time, so I was really bad at it. Hopefully I can make them proud now. Yeah.

Timeframe 1:01:39 >> 1:04:58

Yeah. So I came after after, Santa Clara County. Oh, shoot. After law school. Not even after. So during law school, I already knew. I knew very I knew very quickly that after law school, the plan was to go back home. Right. And and I remember saying that during, like, welcome week. Right? There was like these breakout sessions and they were asking everybody, what do they want to do? And it's like, I want to go into like securities, I want to go into IP law, I want to go into this, I wanna go that. And then like stupid me, I was like, I want to go home. That really was my answer. I want to that plan was always to go home.

And I wanted to be in the public defender's office and I'm in in my third year of law school, I would drive back home from Davis every Thursday night. So I could interne at the public defender's office on Fridays. That was that was the only way they could take me because really, that's a two and a half hour, two-hour drive just to spend one day in the office. But I really wanted that experience. I wanted to be a part of that office, in that practice of law. So and the public defender's office, that's where I learned how to do record clearances. I did the the arraignment calendar. Right. So as as a law student as a law clerk, you get to appear, you get to bring the case forward. You get to do some initial negotiations under the supervision of a lawyer. What the district attorney's office, the deputy attorney assigned to the case, you talk to the client, you get them answers. But yeah, so that's what you did. But you and you got to do research for you do a lot of research and writing for the offices. In my frustration, that really quickly materialized There. was, you know, no matter what I did, we were still operating within the confines of like this system that was already like, you can't change the system. You, you, you, you implement, you maneuver, you argue within you know, with this within these parameters. Right. You can I Yeah. So that really bothered me, right. So I think that I think maybe my skill sets is different.

This is no knock against the the men and women and individuals who serve in the public defender's office, they do a hard job. They do it every day. It's really you know; it's it's kind of hard to explain. I mean, I knew it was hard because I try explaining my job to my parents, right, where I'm providing free legal representation to the people that you don't want me near, to people who have been accused of stealing, of breaking and entering, of assault and battery, of harming others, of harming society. Right. People who have made mistakes, people who are poor, people of color, people who are as seemingly unwanted by our society. So it's a very hard job to do. I wanted to do it because I feel like I identify so much more that with that, like at certain points in our lives or some point in our lives, we were the unwanted. We were the ones that, you know, like the parents of you know, parents wouldn't want their kids to play with me or people looked at my parents like like, you know, like don't we don't need to associate with them or they can't speak English. You know, they're they're a drain on our our society, right? So it felt so right for me to be in the public defender's office. But at the same time, I felt it didn't feel complete. And I think I think I think I've always had a policy mind. I just didn't know that policy was where I wanted to be. Yeah.

Transformation & Change Timeframe 1:04:58 >> 1:07:08

So I still I saw I did a interned at the public defender's office. I then got a job. So my different legal experiences include, you know, working in a for a small firm with contracts, you know, working on contracts, working on employment law. Then I got a fellowship with the Legal Aid Society Employment Law Center. Now it's called Legal Aid at Work to set up the Vietnamese American Workers Rights Project at the Catherine George Alexander Law Center. That's a whole lot of words. So I got to host a worker's rights clinic, legal clinic for Vietnamese-American workers, because that was a population of high need, but not a lot of service, a lot of a lot of education in that area. So I think working in public interest law, you start where you start, you can't help but start paying attention to policy and helping to like try to influence that and try to shape that. What it would look like to make the delivery of services easier, better and more meaningful, right, with better outcomes. And then my friend Cindy Chavez ran for office, a volunteer in her campaign. She won and I asked her to, Can I come work for you? Can I work on policy with you? And specifically, can I work work with you on some key things that I really cared deeply about, like language access, like building the Vietnamese American Service Center. But essentially it was how do we make government work better? Um, I was I've, I've been intimately aware of what happens when government doesn't work, when it's not accessible, when it doesn't help a situation where it can make a situation worse. Right? I've also seen when government really does work in and, it works in the outcomes and things go as scheduled and people have some order in their lives. They know they can rely on this program. They know that the that Cal Fresh will be reloaded on their EBT card every month so they're able to have money to go buy groceries. They know that that there are supports. You know, when government works, it really works and it really makes a difference in people's lives. So I got a chance to work with someone who I really feel is an innovator in the space. So and so here I am ten years later, it's my 10th year anniversary.

Transformation & Change Timeframe 1:07:08 >> 1:16:00

(Interviewer) Woo! Well, also, you talked about language earlier. Yeah, but I just want to make the connection between the work that you did with legal Aid, which means workers rights, and also the Office of Labor Standards Enforcement. Yes. Do the two cross? I mean, they're one cross-pollinate to the other?

They all kind of cross-pollinate to each other. So after. So let's see. I can I can I just go over my county career a little bit? Yeah. So I came to work for Cindy, for supervisor Cindy Chavez to serve the residents of District two. And I want to just talk a little bit about District two. So District two is, is this the geographically smallest footprint in the county, in the counties… So in our county, Santa Clara county, we have five districts and each district is divided up evenly by population. So, you know, sometimes it's the numbers, 300,000, 400,000, 500,000. Right now we're at 500,000. So every every district has approximately 500,000 residents. That's how we carve out the district. So some districts are really large because it takes that much geographical footprint to have 500,000 residents. Our district is very small. It doesn't take very you don't have to go very far and to East side and in downtown to to reach 500,000 residents. So we're the most densely populated. The the the the majority of our county's clients are live in District Two. The the majority of nonprofits located in the county is is based in district two. So it's a it's a district that covers like I mentioned, Eastside, Downtown, Little Saigon, Capitol Expressway. That's where we most visibly see the the the housing crisis, the the human suffering of the unhoused. That's where we see the floods, the roadways not working when we have a big storm. That's where we see a lot of challenges. Right. So we have there's a lot to do here.

There's a lot of work and requires a lot of discipline, a lot of study, a lot of innovation and just constant grind to like making things better. And our policy here is that our most vulnerable have access to their most basic needs, our most vulnerable are able to have an opportunity to pursue education, to pursue work, to pursue a career right then that will lift up the rest of our community as well. When our most vulnerable is able to thrive, it means our whole community will thrive. That is the policy that we adopt here.

So I worked with Cindy for a few years and in 2000 I worked, I worked for came to work for in 2013, and in 2016, I took a personal leave of absence to to run the Measure A the 2016 Measure A Housing Bond campaign. It was a campaign that we won. Every told us we weren't going to win it because it requires a two thirds vote. So 66.67% of the population of all of Santa Clara County had to approve this measure for it to pass. So up until then, all the measures that were similar to this, all the housing bond measures that had been put on the ballot, had failed, even though they reached 50%, 60%, 63%, my waking nightmare was at 65% rate. So close. But they have all failed. So this is the one that made it and it resulted in $950 million of of of funding for, to build supportive housing, long term permanent supportive housing, short-term housing, interim housing, shelter beds. And then it draws down annually $2 billion worth of federal and state funding in services for our residents who are housed in these units. So that's what we did. And then after that, right when I was running the campaign, I also got pregnant. So I had a baby. I was a I was I was pregnant and running the campaign. So after the campaign was done then I was on maternity leave. And that's when then Supervisor Dave Cortese and Supervisor Chavez put forth the policy to create a county-based Office of Labor Standards Enforcement, and then it was approved by the board. Now we need to staff it. So when I came back from maternity leave, you know, Cindy, Dave, other leadership in the county thought that this would be a really good fit for me, and I felt that way, too. It takes my policy experience with my legal background, my work and the labor employment law, workers’ rights community, my relationships in the small business community; kind of puts it all together into one and we created the first county based Office of Labor Stats Enforcement here and starting here in the county.

Since then, the office has other offices have opened. So Santa Monica… and I'm sorry, San Diego, San Diego and San Mateo County both launched their own Offices of Labor Standards Enforcement using our model. Yeah. So so that's what we do. It's a the office offers it has uh it has two arms. One is that we do direct enforcement. So we we you know, we work with our state and our federal partners. So existing labor violations, like their final orders of violations, are even issued by the court through administrative hearings. We don't do any adjudication. We just enforce existing. So there's a real crisis right now in the state of California where there's all these orders from court that says, hey, employer, you're in the wrong, worker, you've been wronged. Employee now owes the worker this amount of money and unpaid wages and unpaid overtime and other violations. Right. But there's no, there's very limited enforcement of of those orders. So we know in California that there is that there's numerous orders that still remain unpaid. So our office helps. That's our enforcement arm. We make sure that these existing adjudications are fulfilled. So workers and that's really about making workers whole. Right? You worked all these overtime hours, you work these hours. But then for whatever reason, through intimidation and through lack of understanding, through duress, through threats of deportation, through through all types of situations, right now, they don't have money, but that's money that they've earned for. So we use our permitting powers and our enforcement powers here at the county to make sure that those those those payments are made.

And we have a 100% win record every order that we've ever pursued has been paid in full. Yeah, Yeah. And so that's the enforcement arm. And then the other arm is community engagement support case management. So what does that mean? That means for small businesses, we provide free education and counseling and also provide legal counsel. So we have a whole attorney network that we pay for. It's the legal advice line, The OLSE Hotline. You call that number, you choose your language and an attorney who speaks that language, answers the phone, has a conversation with you, whether you're a worker or a business owner. The point is, everybody needs to comply, right? And so then if more assistance is needed, then you're referred to a worker's rights clinic or you're referred to a case management organization. So we have partnerships with multiple nonprofits and community by community. Right. Who's who does a case management, does a workshops, does a training, we do free trainings and workshops for business owners, small business owners who can't afford large H.R. departments or legal counsel to guide them. We provide that service for free, and that's an investment in making sure that good businesses is doing the right thing. We level the playing field for them so that businesses, you know, bad actors are not profiting and putting good business out of putting good businesses in a bad situation. We make sure that workers are paid what they're owed, what they worked for. They receive that they know their rights, that they're able to advocate for themselves. You know, coming from a family where my parents worked, minimum wage, their whole jobs, trying to set out on their own, try to create, you know, opportunities for themselves. Right. I know that at the end of the day, your your job is your money. True. But it's also your dignity. And we want to protect that dignity and honor that.

Transformation & Change Timeframe 1:16:00 >> 1:20:52

So in 2020, this thing called COVID comes and just like changed the whole world, right? It's just like global trauma. And so I think um very early on we were still hearing just news of it is still felt like a far off problem until it wasn't. And I remember on a on my birthday, one of the deputy county executives gave me a call. I thought he was calling to say happy birthday. No luck, he was calling to say that we need to report to the COVID 19 Emergency Operations Center on Monday. I was like, I don't know what that is. They said, Oh, you know, I think you'll have a good time. Last couple of weeks, maybe a month at the most. I don't know exactly what you're doing, but they the the, the team agreed that they need you there. I think I just said, send me in, I'm fine. You know, like, I think up until that point one of my because my life has always been like going in blind to so many situations and having to try to figure out a way to fix it that it became it's become second nature to me now.

So they just send me in and we'll go, and so on Monday we show up and then there's a long line after we check in for our assignments and they go, Oh, you're, you're in management. And so I still don't know what I'm supposed to do. They send me that you wear this emergency vest, you're assigned to this the section. And then so I was assigned to the Public Information office. And so our unit was is responsible was responsible for making sure that information about COVID, COVID resources, support resources, the latest news, delays, data, information, all of it. Right. Was made timely and clear and accessible to our residents, our population; did not know exactly what that meant at the time, but yeah, it all came to a head because now at the UN that day, that Monday on March 16th, 2020, we were told by our leadership that you know where we're going to set for a press conference in an hour. Betty, you're in charge and we're going to announce a shelter in place order. And when they said that, I think no one really knew what that meant. And then and then they said this is a big deal, shelter in place means we are shutting down the county. So then now, now I started sinking in. So it felt scary. It was hard, but we went into the press conference, and we very quickly realized our deficiencies in communicating. We didn't have a language access unit. We didn't have an immediate way to turn around information that was like that was easy to understand. And this is a time where everybody needs information from our food service providers to our janitors, to our health care workers, to the to our moms and dads, the grandparents, the childcare, everybody in our community needed to know what was happening.

So, like, for me, the the nightmare was like having a situation where the head of the household didn't know what was happening. And then because then that would translate to the kids not knowing what was happening. That's a very confusing and scary time for all of us in the county equally so. So we yeah, so I went into the PIO, we stood up a language access unit where we, we, we took from our own workforce. I was stalking people on Facebook, anybody who had language skills, anybody that had production skills, like they were activated as an accessory or service worker and the POW. We set up a call center that had a hotline that operated seven days a week so that if anybody just had questions, just call us, we will be redirect you to the right person. We had everything was done in five languages, the five threshold languages of the county, English, Spanish, Vietnamese, Mandarin, and Tagalog. So and then and then we had capability to provide more translations as it was needed. But those were the five threshold. We immediately like set up new contracts with media, ethnic media that we've never engaged with before to make sure that they were also delivering our message. And they were huge. You know, they were huge partners in this. They they delivered the message. They were timely that we're at every press conference. We made sure we got the information out. But I spent a year in the emergency operations center doing all that. We also like part of my job, too, was also to help stand up the Community Health and Business Engagement Team CHBET. That's the acronym or should SH-BEY if you want to get fancy, but that was also our boots on the ground team. So we had at its height, we had 130 plus community health workers taken from community who spoke the language. Understand the neighborhoods, you know, to go door to door in full PPE gear, basically asking people, do you need food, ko you need period products, or you need medicine? Do do you need a sign up for Cal Fresh can I help you? Sign for Cal Fresh? Have you been tested? Let me get you a test right now. Have you sign a free vaccination? Let me make that point for you. So we were sending people to buy census track, we were able to identify where the highest rates of of of of COVID cases were.

And we sent these men and women and individuals into those places, and they went willingly. And so to me are incredible heroes, just like health care workers, just like everybody who served in this operation. These folks willingly went into neighborhoods where they knew the assignment was, hey, we have the highest spike of COVID cases here. We're sending you in. You can go door to door. You're going to talk to people, and you can figure out what they need. You get that to them. And they did it joyfully. They did it willingly. They did it with commitment. So that was just like one of the many operations that we ran during during COVID. And the language access unit that we stood up there is now a permanent operating procedure at the county. So the language processing unit moved out of the EOC into the to the Division of Equity Social Justice. It lives there now and I know that it can only grow and we're going to help it grow from the policy perspective, from where we stand, where we sit at the Board of Supervisors, we help make sure it grows and becomes stronger every day. And because languages change. Emerging community, there's always an emerging community. Different language needs change over time and we have to be flexible with that.

Transformation & Change Timeframe 1:20:52 >> 1:31:36

(Interviewer) And so you also mentioned the Division of Equity and Social Justice, you also play a role there to.

I was, yes. So I was the interim division supervisor, which meant that I oversaw the whole division and I was it was an to be with them during the transition. So it was after the emergency. Well, during the emergency operation center (EOC), I was also deployed to the Division of Equity and Social Justice. So I spent I had like one leg in the EOC world and one leg and the ongoing services that the division had to had to continue to deliver because that division is like the I feel like it's the activist division of the county. It's the innovative division of the county. It's the community division. They were still operating at full speed on full capacity and making sure that, you know, one of the initiatives relaunch under Supervisor Chavez's direction leadership was the period products, right. We knew this is one example of the work they were doing. We knew that that there were many individuals in our county who experienced period poverty and they were getting their period products from their school nurse from very much like so many of our student families were receiving their food, they relied on the school meal program to have three meals a day. There were also individuals who relied on the school supply of period products to have that. So one of the things that the office did that I helped facilitate was create this distribution plan of $1,000,000 with the period products throughout the whole county to make sure anyone who needed it had it. We were still we had the Girls Commission out of the Office of Women’s policy.

We were not going to let that go because we knew that that youth, young students were further isolated now because schools were shut down. So it was a priority for us to keep the the the the Girls Commission still going. So we just went from in-person meetings and workshops to now virtual to be able to give them that that level of engagement. We were still doing Intern and Earn that's another program that that I helped Supervisor Chavez launch here at the county where we provide paid internships to our foster youth because that's what they asked for. It wasn't something that we came up with. It was we met with Foster youth; they said that here's what we need. We need a new we need a foster youth resource center that's designed for us, centered around us, our experiences and becomes a hub for us to come to when we need a safe place or we need food or we need resources or advice. We don't need jobs. We need job advising. We need a network. We need a job, a career network. We need to we you know, and I don't blame them, right? We don't we don't want to spend the summer working at McDonald's. We want to spend the summer working at the county organization, interning in an office setting, because for them, that's what success was. You know, they were watching other kids through their family networks to be able to have access to these things. They don't have that family network. They don't have that that that that that level of support. So we you know, we create this Intern and Earn program where we'll place you in internships, at nonprofits, at universities, at district offices, at the county and we will pay for it. You get the experience, you build your resume, you build your network. And then for me, full circle is when we hire them back into the county, and that's when we come to hiring those of lived experience who have experience. Again, like I have when government works, when government doesn't work, and being very committed to making sure it works all the time for everybody.

Yeah, so we did. We kept all that going because it was critical and we can, you know, we, we can let that go if anything was more important. Now in, for example, the Office of the Office of Immigrant Relations, which is also part of the division, are nonprofits that serve immigrant populations. They were they were calling the Office of Immigrant Relations. They weren't calling the EOC, they weren't calling the executive leadership. They were calling the Office of Immigrant Relations to help find solutions to the challenges that they were seeing in their community. To get out information that was correct and accurate for those who were afraid of what was happening. How does that affect my immigration status? How does that affect my family's process if I sign up for help or if I access these resources? So and they were helping us with our messaging, right? We had to make sure that when we were putting out messaging for free vaccinations, free health care services, right. We were saying that no immigration status needed. Right. Because people we knew, that there were people who were purposely not accessing these critical services because they were for fear of the consequences of what may happen to them.

Yeah. So around the same time the Vietnamese American Service Center, which has been in development since 2013, was nearing the final stages of construction. So then and we you know, it was the first time the county had ever built such a center. And the easiest way to describe it is a cultural center, community center and health center. All hybrid into one because the county's job is not to build community centers that that is actually that is something that we're not supposed to do at all. That is like a parks and rec, city like center city operations. So cities build community centers, cities do recreation, cities do safety, public safety. We do overlap of that. But we are in the business of building health centers and service centers, which up to this point has been very sterile, very government right. And we wanted to build something that celebrated culture, celebrated community. So maybe you're coming there for a story time, a backpack distribution, a karaoke night or this nutrition program. But then we are you know, you are in an environment that is all about health services and well-being for the family, making that extremely accessible, making it safe for people to be able to be there for a culture program. But then people say, hey, I'm having some trouble at home. Can I talk to someone about it? Kind of like in an open camouflage, right? So it was about creating safe spaces for people to access critical services. So we were, you know, doing something brand new means a lot of, you know, trial and error. And then so at some point in 2021, I was brought in to be the project manager for the Vietnamese American Service Center.

So I got to I got to get to everybody's business. I got to get into construction. I got to get into program design, worked with the health team and some really cool work with the architects. So the architect is Thang Do. I hope I'm going to cry. He put he's passed on [chocking back tears]. This was his last project before he passed away and now there was a lot of resonating themes where he talked about this was a homecoming for him back to his community and his identity. He had been he had he is he had been a very successful architect, but he acknowledged that it took away from his Vietnamese roots and culture and community that he wanted to be a part of, in the vast was the perfect melding of that of that for him, his architectural skills, his profession, his roots, his community, his home. Right. And he built this incredible facility that doesn't look like a government building. We did not want it to look like a government building. People are so shocked, like this is a county building? Yes, it's beautiful. It's organic. It's a dynamic. The outside, the exterior of the building has different shades of green panels, which is supposed to represent bamboo. So in Vietnamese, we have a saying, sau lự tra làng, and it really means that it goes back to our tradition of building villages behind bamboo forests. Right? So bamboo is a natural protector and natural barrier against the elements, hostile forces. So here we wrapped the building in this bamboo motif to signal to our our clients, our guests, our neighbors that behind these walls is a community, a village, a safe space. And that was his projection of that was his vision of the project. And so he put his heart and soul and he placed little designs throughout the whole thing. But I got to work with him. I got to work with the whole team. And we got this we got this baby (claps) to come to final completion of construction and got it to grand opening.

And today, as of right now, this moment, you could walk into the to the to the building, say that I, I need mental health support and they will, no appointment needed, we're not going to ask you if you have insurance. We just know that you're in distress. So you need emotional and mental support right now. They will they will triage you. They will interview. They will put you, they will talk to you on the spot and take you to the second floor to see a clinician that speaks Vietnamese or Spanish or English or whatever language that's needed there. It's culturally Vietnamese that the language access policy there is trilingual, it's English, Vietnamese and Spanish as a language access place. All the signs are in three languages. All the staff offerings are available in those three languages- with the language access hotline if we need to have more translation. But it's a beautiful building that is meant to represent home, home here in America. And it was very emotional. I remember the day I stood outside the building as they hoisted the Vietnamese American Service Center sign up and see the awning, and I had never seen the term Vietnamese American written in that way, displayed in that way, carried in that way, and a beauty and a building this beautiful building that I had never seen anywhere else, that that pays homage to the diaspora, to the refugee experience in every single way possible.

Yeah. I should give yall a tour! Yes. Yeah.

Let's do it. Yeah. Yeah, it was. It was in them. And that was where I really got to apply my experience as a mom, right? Like, I mean, like initially, the original four floor plan of this center only had one lactation room, so. No, no, we need one on every floor. And then in the lactation rooms we had like the tech team was really was, was, was confused, not pushing back. But they're just like, oh, why do you need a phone line in the lactation room? I was like, well, if a mom is is in the room to lactate or nurse her baby right. And potentially she may be in a dangerous situation at home. This may be one of those rare opportunities where she's in private and she could safely make a call for help. So we have the resources guides, different services that you can dial out for, so little things like that, making sure that everything not just language but services is accessible to people in a safe in in compelling way.

Transformation & Change Timeframe 1:31:36 >> 1:36:58

We're all part of the safety net. Right. And like how do we, how do we share that mission and a more meaningful way because you know, we put so much work into engagement and outreach. Yes. But the audience that we're trying to reach is in your classrooms every day. You know, they're either working on campus, or going to class on campus, or already having seeking resources on campus, like how do we strengthen the safety net to include all of our non-county partners as well?

(Interviewer) Yeah, I mean, if you ever want a partner..

I mean, I totally do. I think that's a constant. I think that's a constant like mission, right? How do we make good government work better? Yeah, make everything better.

(Interviewer) Yeah. Instead of bureaucracies running against each other.

Yeah. Now that. Yeah, that's the, that doesn't work for me. But yeah, the vast the VASC of the still the only facility of its kind in the nation, and we you know I left the VASC to transition back to the office supervisors in for Cindy Chavez to serve as a chief of staff. Um, with the intention of let's build more VASCs let's build more service centers that reflect the community is located in. And it doesn't have to be just the Vietnamese American Service Center. I remember someone telling me once that they didn't work for the county, but they were they were a community stakeholder. And, you know, all opinions are valid. But I remember someone once telling me you need to be careful because now they're all going to want their own VASC And I was like, who are they? You know? And they said, you know, all the different ethnic committees are going to want their own service center that's designed for them, built with them. Like, I was like, Yeah, that would be great. Like if we redefined how we engage, how we deliver services and everything was delivered through service centers located throughout the county that was built in partnership with community like the, the, the service model, the design; everything in that building came after an eight-year communication process where we met almost on a monthly basis. We did surveys. I stood outside Grand Century with surveys trying to get people to answer questions. We did focus groups; we did community engagement sessions. We did every single thing, every way that we can get feedback and input from community. We did it so there's not a single service or program or cultural celebration that that was not directed by community in the service center. And I feel like we could have all service centers look like that. Yeah.

Well, the language access or language access work can continue to grow. I did talk about, you know, the idea of having like all points of engagement or or more points of engagement with the county to look like the Vietnamese American Service Center. That's going to be a shift in philosophy, operations and mission, right? here at the county. I'm hoping to help move it towards that direction. There's still a lot of work to be done. I think people people want good transportation. They want reliable public transportation. There is a lot of investments being made now throughout the country, throughout the state of California, to enhance our public transportation system. I want to be, you know, like I actively you know, I want to be part of that effort to make sure those regional dollars come to the Bay Area and those investments are made here.

So it's very important that the infrastructure of our county continues to be the the continued investment in the infrastructure of our county that continued enhancement of our behavioral health service, our mental health service offerings, making it even more accessible. I think it's incredible that at the VASC you could just walk in right now, say, I need mental health services, I need to talk to someone about my state of mind, and it happens right away. Ideally, that would happen in every situation, right? If someone has come to the point where they're willing to say out loud, I need help, I need mental health help, right? We should be ready for that moment to help them with that. There's still a lot of work to do in prevention across the board. I'm going to say this based on personal experience, professional experience, operational experience. It's a lot harder. It is extraordinarily infinitely harder to to help someone or help a family that's already living on the streets versus helping to make sure to prevent homelessness in the first place. So I think that's what that's like the next phase of our work, right? That's happening right now already. But we need to do as quickly as we're building housing and putting the unhoused into homes. We have to, at the same level of of commitment, of fervor, of of of of a sense of urgency, prevent families, prevent individuals becoming homeless in the first place. Because trust me, it costs 10,000 times more, in terms of labor staff, time, manpower, in terms of healing, recovering, it costs so much more to do that after the fact than it is to just prevent in the first place.

And that could have an across across multiple places like it's about food insecurity, right? It's about housing insecurity. It's about family violence prevention. It’s about mental health services. It’s about it’s about making sure that the kids have the families have childcare. That’s huge. If there is reliable, safe, affordable child care for children to be and, you know, then there wouldn’t be situations where moms had to pull kids out of schools to send them to another school so that they can have an an earlier release time to be able to watch the kids, right or, you know, it’s just it’s this all goes towards family stability and community stability.

Timeframe 1:36:58 >> 1:41:38

Yeah, I'm going to tell you this right now. Unequivocally. Absolutely. People power works. I know may there may be some cynicism in our society today. There may be a belief that "my voice doesn't matter". But I have never seen a situation where it did not work. When a group, a mass of people organize and work in unison in and make their voice heard. Government, I don't care what level of bureaucracy, um, actually I should say at the county, I can tell you for sure it works. It works. We listen, we hear. And that that that really it's like full spectrum. It really it starts with who we elect into office, Right? People who are held accountable to community, to neighborhood associations, to students, to teachers, to families, to to children. And then when it comes to advocacy, I would say be very clear and definitive in your ask. Right. And I think that's a that's an organizing strategy, too. Right. Like the movement itself has to decide what are the wins that we have to have today that leads us to the next step of wins. People want to come in and they want to say, hey, this is everything we want to see. Oh, yeah, People may come in and say, this is everything we want to see happen, Right? And a lot of times, you know, in those situations I work with, the can be our community stakeholders, our partners to say, hey, how can we break it down?

The government, just like business, operates in fiscal cycles, right? So we have a schedule, We go through a fiscal year, we go through our cycles of advocacy, we go through cycles of legislation, cycles of funding. I know that values are directly tied to our funding, right? And we want to invest in community that takes money. If we want to support a department, it takes money. If we want to support a youth group, it takes money. Foster Youth, it takes money, Right? So then and we're tied to the funding cycles of the county. Legislation also has its own cycle. So you do have to I would say, you know, depending on the project, you have to be very clear in what you're breaking it down into pieces. It can't be so far broken down that it takes 20 years to get something done right. When when it could have taken five or ten years. You don't want it into too big of pieces that it becomes like unrealistic or it becomes unrealistic in that time frame. Right. And then even though we're making movement, we're heading in the right direction.

If people people's expectations where we were supposed to have A thru Z done by now, they may lose momentum, they may lose inspiration, right? They may feel defeated when in fact they were already winning like we're we're getting there. So having a plan being very clear in your ask of the office. And I also know, like a lot of times people will meet with me or meet with a supervisor, eyewitnesses meeting with other, you know, county executive leadership. They get 30 minutes. They spend 25 minutes to explain the problem. I would say go into that meeting expecting your elected to understand the problem. Right. You could hold them to that level of accountability. Right. This is the district you represent or dear county executive, this is the this is the operate, this is the county that you serve. Right. You could you would send you know, I would say send them an agenda in advance, send on whatever background information you want them to have. Right. Don't use your time explaining the background information. Expect us to understand it today. Know it. So send the advanced materials. Give us a fair shot at like reading, reviewing and making sure that we bring our own experiences to table so that by the time you're in the meeting, what the legislator you're in the meeting with, the executive or the decision maker or the policymaker, you go straight to the problem. You know, you go straight to the solution like you understand the problem. I'm going to something. You understand the problem. Here's the solutions that we're seeking and that that time should be spent discussing those solutions, like how a realistic how quickly can they be implemented, what kind of funding does it take, what is the funding strategy for that? And then, you know, having the advocacy behind it, be ready to write letters, show up at board meetings, which is hard to is an equity issue to write, like who are the ones who have time to wait like 3 or 4 hours for their item to come up at a board meeting. Who are the ones who can take time off of work? Are the who, the ones who could, who who have access to childcare so that they don't have to bring their baby or their toddler into board chambers or to a City Hall Meeting. These meetings take place like during the daytime when most people are at work. So so that's that's on us to make sure that these meetings are accessible through Zoom, through hybrid accessibility, through written comment, through through our staff's availability to carry your message into the board meeting. But when people it's quite a sight to behold every time when a large group of advocates of committee members show up for an item and they speak on the podium and they speak from the heart, you know, you're basically telling our policymakers that we're watching. We're in the room with you as you make this decision. So make the right decision and it works. It certainly does.

Narrative & Identity Timeframe 1:41:38 >> end

Activism as a mom demanding for her school to be better. It's a grandparent demanding that that senior nutrition meals are made available. Some kids, demanding, you know, better school conditions or better neighborhood conditions. Activism is voicing your concern, making your demands for the betterment of our community, for the betterment of our lives for each other. It doesn't have to be you know, I think people often think of rallies. They think of like organized protest. That is activism as well. But it's also there's also like the quiet acts, right? Like the the persistent neighbor who's writing letters into City Hall every single week saying, I need a speed bump on this road. Right. Like, I need I need more traffic controls in this area. I need an island in this intersection to prevent people from swerving or doing donuts or speeding through it. Right. That's also activism. Everybody is capable of it. I don't think anyone should shy away from it. And we we benefit from it. Like working for the county organization. It is through. I can always tell you, like the change always comes from the local. Change is local, activism is local. It's always going to be like our neighborhood. Our neighbors are a local restaurant owner, a local businessperson. Our students. Our PTA. They're they're to me, they're the two. They are true activists in their advocacy for the changes in their community.

I would like to see more people of color at the policymaking level, at the implementation level, at all levels of local government. Local government includes the city of San Jose, includes County of Santa Clara. I truly believe change is local. We often think of change, societal change coming from the top down. In reality, it comes from the bottom up. It comes from local progress, it comes from local initiatives, it comes from local power, local movements, and then it moves up. I really truly think that and I hope people really consider joining their commissions, joining their neighborhood associations, joining the more people who are engaged, the better, please consider. Like, you know, we're about to head into major election year like a who's running look look at I mean, and I think at the local level these are the people who are running should be people that you know from your neighborhood. Right. It should be people that you've seen, people that you can run into. I mean, that's what local government is.

And we have people in our neighborhood who are getting ready to run to represent you all the residents of Santa Clara County, of cities to represent them. You know, at the board meeting downstairs, at the City Hall meeting downtown, the street where they're making decisions on major budgetary matters, major policy matters. And all of it is supposed to be for the good. The greater good of our community. So, you know, we're going through a budget process now. And I just you know, I know not a lot of people have the time or the luxury to be able to follow the budget process. The budget book is about that thick, and it's about $11 billion, which is the county's operating budget. That is an aspirational document. The hopes, the dreams, the values, the mission of this county is all found in that budget book because that's where we're putting our money. Your money, what we're investing in, too. So I would love to see more people be a part of that process, whether it be through local office, elected leadership, through commissions through task force, through the the the board meetings. There is certainly space. There's a place for everyone to be involved, and We just need to see people there. And I will certainly do my part on this other end to make sure that that space is kept intended to. Yeah.